Glossary

Here is a list of terms commonly used in the post production industry.

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4:2:2

A ratio of sampling frequencies used to digitize the luminance and colour difference components(Y, R-Y, B-Y) of a video signal. It is the common reference used to describe the CCIR601 digital standard (utilized by D1 and Digital Betacam). The first digit 4, refers to the size of the luminance or black and white sample(13.5 MHz). The second and third digits, both 2, refer to the size or sampling frequency of the chrominance or colour components (each 6.75 MHz). For every 4 samples of luminance there are 2 samples each of R-Y and B-Y.

4:4:4

As 4:2:2, but with a higher sampling frequency for the colour components of the picture signal. While it may appear to offer the potential of better pictures from more data, television recording and transmission systems are based on 4:2:2, 4:1:1, and 4:2:0 sampling so, the gain can be limited or negated by the conversion between sampling systems.